Optical Fiber Sensors for High-Temperature Monitoring: A Review
Precious metal materials or alloys used to form thermocouple sensors are easily damaged at high temperatures, strong oxidation, or
What metal is used in temperature-measuring optical cables
Stainless steel is commonly used in high-temperature optical cables for temperature measurement due to its durability and heat resistance.
Overview
Temperature-measuring optical cables, such as those used in distributed temperature sensing (DTS) or fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, rely on optical fibers to detect temperature changes. While the fiber itself is typically made from silica (quartz) or sapphire, the metal components—including protective jackets, ferrules, and connectors—are crucial for high-temperature applications .
Common Metals
- Stainless Steel: Widely used for the outer jackets, ferrules, and bulkhead adapters of high-temperature fiber-optic cables. Stainless steel provides excellent corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and thermal stability, allowing the cables to operate in environments up to 1000 °C .
- Other Alloys: In some specialized applications, other high-temperature alloys may be used for connectors or protective housings to withstand extreme heat or chemical exposure .
Function in Optical Cables
The metal components serve several purposes:
- Mechanical Protection: Shields the delicate optical fiber from physical damage and bending stresses.
- Thermal Stability: Maintains structural integrity at high temperatures, ensuring accurate temperature readings.
- Connectorization: Stainless-steel ferrules and adapters allow secure mating of fibers in industrial setups, including vacuum or high-pressure environments .
Fiber Materials
While metals protect the cable, the temperature-sensing element is the optical fiber itself, typically made from:
- Silica fibers: Standard for most DTS and FBG sensors, capable of high-temperature operation.
- Sapphire fibers: Used in extreme high-temperature environments due to their superior thermal resistance .
Summary
In temperature-measuring optical cables, stainless steel is the primary metal used for protective and connector components, while the sensing fiber is made from quartz or sapphire. This combination ensures both accurate temperature measurement and durability in harsh industrial conditions .
Distributed temperature sensing
OverviewMeasuring principle—Raman effectMeasuring principle—OTDR and OFDR technologyConstruction of sensing cable and system integrationLaser safety and operation of systemFor temperature estimationApplications
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